细胞因子介导的骨骼肌系统与免疫系统间调控网络
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西北工业大学

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Cytokine-mediated regulatory networks between skeletal muscle system and immune system
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    摘要:

    骨骼肌系统与免疫系统之间存在着紧密的调控网络,二者共同参与了骨骼肌系统和免疫系统的功能调节和应答。该调控网络在促进两大系统生理活动、维持机体内环境稳定与保证机体正常代谢中发挥着重要的作用。而细胞因子则是构成这一调控网络的重要信号分子。一方面,骨骼肌细胞可通过分泌不同的细胞因子对免疫细胞活性发挥调控作用:其中,在去负荷等力学环境所致的骨骼肌萎缩中,肌组织分泌的细胞因子对免疫细胞具有一定的抑制作用;而机体运动或骨骼肌接受加负荷等应变刺激时,肌组织产生的细胞因子则可提高免疫系统的免疫防御功能。另一方面,免疫细胞所表达的细胞因子对骨骼肌组织也呈现出两种截然不同的效应:炎症细胞浸润及炎症因子大量呈现于肌萎缩和慢性肌病变的骨骼肌组织中;一些免疫细胞因子对骨骼肌细胞具有正向的促进作用;而免疫系统受损或免疫系统紊乱则可显著干扰骨骼肌的生理功能。总之,骨骼肌萎缩所产生的细胞因子与骨骼肌加负荷力学刺激所产生的细胞因子具有不同的组成与生物学效应;正常免疫系统与异常免疫功能也可通过不同细胞因子的协同作用对骨骼肌施加影响。据此形成了两大系统间复杂的调控网络。本文综合已有的研究成果,从骨骼肌系统对免疫系统的影响和免疫系统对骨骼肌系统的影响两个角度对细胞因子在两大系统之间的作用进行了归纳与梳理,并总结出了一些初步的网络调控规律,以期为骨骼肌萎缩的防治和机体免疫功能提高的力学干预提供理论依。

    Abstract:

    There is a close regulatory network between the skeletal muscle system and the immune system, both of which are involved in the functional regulation and response of the skeletal muscle system and the immune system.This regulatory network plays an important role in promoting the physiological activities of the two systems, maintaining the stability of the body"s internal environment and ensuring the normal metabolism of the body.Cytokines are important signaling molecules that constitute this regulatory network.On the one hand, skeletal muscle cells can regulate the activity of immune cells by secreting different cytokines. Among them, in the skeletal muscle atrophy caused by mechanical environment such as load, cytokines secreted by muscle tissue have a certain inhibitory effect on immune cells.When the body exercises or the skeletal muscle receives stress stimulation such as loading, the cytokines produced by the muscle tissue can improve the immune defense function of the immune system.On the other hand, cytokines expressed by immune cells also showed two distinct effects on skeletal muscle tissue: inflammatory cell infiltration and inflammatory cytokines were abundant in skeletal muscle tissues with muscular atrophy and chronic myopathy;Some immune cytokines have positive promoting effects on skeletal muscle cells.Immune system damage or immune system disorder can significantly interfere with the physiological function of skeletal muscle. In conclusion,the cytokines produced by skeletal muscle atrophy and those produced by mechanical stimulation of skeletal muscle load have different compositions and biological effects.The normal immune system and abnormal immune function can also exert influence on skeletal muscle through the synergistic effect of different cytokines.Therefore, a complex regulatory network is formed between the two systems.In this paper, the synthesis of the existing research results, from the effects of the skeletal muscle system on the immune system and the immune system"s influence on skeletal muscle system two angles of cytokines in has carried on the induction and the action between two systems, and summarizes some preliminary network regulation law, in order to the prevention of skeletal muscle atrophy and the body"s immune function to improve the mechanical intervention to provide theory basis.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-05-21
  • 最后修改日期:2021-07-12
  • 录用日期:2021-07-15
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