Objective As an important protective layer of human body, fat is vulnerable to impact injury in the process of non-lethal weapon attack. Therefore, the study on the dynamic compression performance of adipose tissue is helpful to further reveal the damage mechanism and provide reference for medical treatment. Methods Based on the improved SHPB experimental device, the dynamic compression experiment of adipose tissue was carried out, and the stress-strain curves of adipose tissue under different strain rates were obtained. Then the numerical model of SHPB was established and the experimental process was simulated and analyzed. Results Adipose tissue has obvious strain rate effect, and the elastic modulus at high strain rate is about 6 times of that at quasi static state, which is 3.25MPa. The two groups of high strain rate stress-strain curves are approximately straight lines with similar slopes. The simulation curve and the experimental curve are basically consistent.Conclutions The simulation method can be used to simulate the damage effect of non-lethal weapons on human body.