Human beings have utilized mechanical cues for disease diagnosis since ancient times, with techniques such as palpation and percussion. However, the understanding of the relationship between mechanical force and disease remained primarily based on intuitive experience, lacking a comprehensive exploration of underlying mechanisms. In recent years, advancements in biomechanics and mechanobiology have shed light on the role of mechanical forces in disease development, leading to the emergence of a new diagnostic strategy—diseases mechanodiagnosis. By focusing on the regulatory effects of mechanical forces within biological systems, diseases mechanodiagnosis aims to develop innovative diagnostic methods based on the identification of mechanomarkers and the application of precise mechanical detection technologies. This review explores the evolution of mechanodiagnosis, highlighting its cross-scale biomechanical and mechanobiological characteristics, and systematically summarizes the progress in mechanomarker identification and mechanical force-based diagnostic techniques. This paper aims to promote interdisciplinary integration across mechanics, biology, and medicine, ultimately expected to accelerate breakthroughs in medical diagnosis.